ASTM D94-2007 石油产品皂化值标准试验方法

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                   【英文标准名称】:     Standard Test Methods for Saponification Number of Petroleum Products            【原文标准名称】:     石油产品皂化值标准试验方法            【标准号】:     ASTM D94-2007            【标准状态】:     现行            【国别】:                 【发布日期】:     2007    【实施或试行日期】: 【发布单位】: 美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)【起草单位】: D02.06【标准类型】: (Test Method)【标准水平】: ()【中文主题词】: 润滑剂;石油产品;皂化值;测试【英文主题词】: additives; lubricating oils; potentiometric titration; saponification number【摘要】: Petroleum products can contain additives that react with alkali to form metal soaps. Fats are examples of such additives. Also,  certain used engine oils, especially from turbine or internal combustion engines,  can contain chemicals that will similarly react with alkali. The saponification  number expresses the amount of base that will react with 1 g of sample when  heated in a specific manner. This then gives an estimation of the amount of  acid present in the sample, that is, any free acid originally present plus  any combined (for example, in esters) that have been converted to metal soaps  during the heating procedure. Saponification numbers are also used in setting product specifications for lubricants and additives.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the amount of constituents in petroleum products such as lubricants, additives, and transmission fluids that will saponify under the conditions of the test.Note 18212;Statements defining this test and its significance when applied to electrical insulating oils of mineral origin will be found in Guide D 117. Experience has shown that for transformer oils, Test Method D 94, modified by use of 0.1  M KOH solution and 0.1 M HCl, is more suitable.1.1.1 Two test methods are described: Method A-Color Indicator Titration (Sections 6-13), and Method B8212otentiometric Titration (Sections 14-23).1.2 Because compounds of sulfur, phosphorus, the halogens, and certain other elements that are sometimes added to petroleum products also consume alkali and acids, the results obtained indicate the effect of these extraneous materials in addition to the saponifiable material present. Results on products containing such materials, on used internal-combustion-engine crankcase oils, and on used turbine oils must be interpreted with caution.Note 28212;The materials referred to above, which are not normally considered saponifiable matter, include inorganic or certain organic acids, most nonalkali soaps, and so forth. The presence of such materials increases the saponification number above that of fatty saponifiable materials for which the test method is primarily intended. The odor of hydrogen sulfide near the end of the back-titration in the saponification test is an indication that certain types of reactive sulfur compounds are present in the sample. In the case of other reactive sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus compounds and other interfering materials, no simple indication is given during the test. A gravimetric determination of the actual amount of fatty acids is probably the most reliable method for such compounds. Test Methods D 128 or IP Method 284/86 can be used to determine fatty acids gravimetrically.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 6, 7, 8, 10, 15, 16, 17, and 19.【中国标准分类号】: E30【国际标准分类号】: 75_08【页数】: 9P.;A4【正文语种】:           
         

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