MIL-HDBK-514, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE HANDBOOK: OPERATIONAL SAFETY, SUITABILITY, & EFFECTIVENESS FOR THE AERONAUTICAL ENTERPRISE (23 MAR 2003)., Operational safety, suitability, & effectiveness (OSS&E) emphasizes those aspects of systems management and related disciplines necessary to ensure that USAF aircraft systems and end-items (including support equipment, weapons, training systems, simulators, ground-based systems, etc.) continue to provide safe, sustainable, and acceptable performance during operational use. Specific policy delineating the responsibilities for implementing OSS&E assurance elements is provided in AFPD 63-12, AFI 63-1201 and AFMCI 63-1201.